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Geography
Rome started as a small village and grew into a huge city. It turned into a huge empire when
the people gained territory around the Mediterranean Sea. At its height, the Roman Empire was made up of Spain, Gaul, Southern
United Kingdom, Italy, Greece, Asia Minor, North Egypt, Mesopotamia.
Christianity. The most popular religion in the world. It all started in Southwest Asia,
originally thought as a branch of Judaism. It was shunned by some officials, who were worried about its spread. In the 300's,
an emperor became a Christian. Support became greater from the emperors after the first Christian emperor, until it became
the official religion of Rome. The Pope was the bishop of Rome.
The Romans were great inventors. They made durable roads that still exist! They also made
strong bridges, aqueducts, stadiums, columns! They had realistic and lifelike statues and paintings. Some people were philosophers
who philosophized on how to improve life. Many came up with acting for the good for the city and not for personal gain.
The Romans had written laws for the separation of powers. When all of the power was divided
evenly, then no one got too powerful. Also, everyone, including the richest emperor, had to treat all citizens equally, and
allow them some rights, and also duties, like voting, paying taxes, and holding public offices. The men had to serve in the
Roman army as well when needed.
Economics
The people paid their taxes to the government, and men served in the army. It was an honor to be
a Roman citizen, so many of the Romans were loyal to their emperor. This kept the empire strong.
Social Structure
The emperors of Rome got to declare war, raise taxes, punish any lawbreakers, nominate public officials,
influence the senate meetings, and lead religious festivals. He was at the top of the socials structure. The officials were
next, collecting taxes for the emperor. Last were the citizens, who went to war, paid taxes, voted, and held public offices.
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